Effect of Supplementing Wheat Flour with Multigrain Flour Mixes on the Quality of Noodles Produced from the Blends
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Abstract
For the present study, wheat flour was supplemented with multigrain (0-12.5% of acha, brown rice, millet and cowpea) flours and used for noodles production. The blending ratios used were 100:00, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40 and 50:50 (wheat flour: multigrain flour mix). The 100% wheat flour noodles served as the control sample. The produced noodles were analyzed for proximate composition, amino acid profile, minerals, vitamins and antinutrients. The results showed that the moisture, protein, fat, ash and crude fibre contents significantly increased (p<0.05) from 9.67-10.74%, 10.14-22.23%,1.64-4.38%, 1.44-3.90% and 2.16-6.73% respectively, while carbohydrate content decreased from 74.75-51.94% with increase in multigrain flours supplementation. The individual amino acids, total amino acids and total essential amino acids increased with increase addition of multigrain flour mixes. The calcium, potassium, iron and zinc contents increased from 38.80-67.33 mg/100 g, 377.00-529.00 mg/100 g, 2.88-3.59 mg/100 g and 1.94-3.00 mg/100 g respectively while the sodium content decreased from 8.98 mg/100 g to 1.97 mg/100 g with increase in multigrain flours supplementation. Vitamin B3 and beta-carotene contents increased from 30.70-65.05 mg/100 g and 0.06-0.19 um/100 g respectively while vitamin B9 decreased from 5.75-2.95 um/100 g with increase in multigrain flours supplementation. Although the tannin, oxalate and phytate contents increased from 0.23-0.64%, 11.55-29.70 mg/100 g and 0.60-1.28% with increase in multigrain supplementation, the values were relatively low and would not affect the bioavailability of essential nutrients in the noodles. The results have shown that supplementation of wheat flour with multigrain flours led to the enhancement of nutrient content in noodles made from the blends, reduce dependency on wheat and increase utilization of locally grown crops.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Ukeme Nathaniel Akpan, Ufot E. Inyang (Author)
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