The Role of Speech Prosody in Comprehending Speaker’s Communicative Content
“crossref”/

Main Article Content

Ifeyinwa Chukwuokoro, PhD 
Ebere Florence Adoromike 
Veronica Onwanyi Ubi, PhD 

Abstract

Speech prosody remains a neglected linguistic phenomenon that is yet to gain deserving scholastic attention. This study attempts to rouse deserving attention to prosody. It is aimed at describing the critical role of speech prosody in understanding the communicative content of the speaker in speech acts. The study draws insights from John Austin’s Speech Act Theory (SAT). SAT explains how the speaker’s intentions embedded in communicative content exert effects on the listener. The study takes up the qualitative approach and employs content analysis to analyse the data gathered from twenty (20) focus group discussants, observation and internet and library print materials. The analysis proves speech prosody to be an essential cognitive ingredient of phonology that is deeply involved in the generative construction and analysis of speeches and meanings and their effects. It also conveys the speaker’s intentions in various regards. The analysis shows that the speaker’s intentions are conveyed as the communicative content of speech acts, which exert some effects on the listener. The paper concludes that prosody is situated in all levels of language analysis and plays a significant role in speech acts and meaning comprehension. It recommends that learners should be consistently taught how to understand and interpret the speaker’s encoded message(s) through speech prosody.

Article Details

Chukwuokoro, I., Adoromike, E. F., & Ubi, V. O. (2025). The Role of Speech Prosody in Comprehending Speaker’s Communicative Content. African Journal of Humanities and Contemporary Education Research, 18(1), 184-195. https://doi.org/10.62154/ajhcer.2025.018.010671
Articles

Copyright (c) 2025 Ifeyinwa Chukwuokoro, PhD, Ebere Florence Adoromike, Veronica Onwanyi Ubi, PhD (Author)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Ifeyinwa Chukwuokoro, PhD, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.

Department of English and Literary Studies, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.

Ebere Florence Adoromike, Northumbria University, UK.

Department of International Project Management, Northumbria University, UK. 

Veronica Onwanyi Ubi, PhD, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.

Department of Art and Social Science Education, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.

Aguert, M., Laval, V., Lacroix, A., Gil, S., & Le Bigot, L. (2013). Inferring emotions from speech prosody: Not so easy at age five. PLoS ONE 8(12): e83657. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083657. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0083657

Anum, L., Limbeng, Z. N., Lubis, F. A., Nazhira, A. D., & Lubi, Y. (2024). The role of prosody and intonation in English phonology: Implications for speech perception and production. Bilangan: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika, Kebumian dan Angkasa, 2(3), 160-174. DOi: https://doi.org/10.62383/bilangan.v2i3.82 DOI: https://doi.org/10.62383/bilangan.v2i3.82

Audacity Team (2020). Audacity: Free audio editor and recorder [computer application] version 2.1.2. Retrieved from https://audacityteam.org.

Austin, J. L. (1962). How to do things with words. Oxford University Press.

Bates, E., & McWhinney, B. (1979). A functionalist approach to the acquisition of grammar. In E. Ochs, & B. Schieffelin (eds.), Developmental pragmatics (167–211). Academic Press.

Bolinger, D. (1989). Intonation and its uses: Melody in grammar and discourse. Stanford University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781503623125

Busa, M. G. (Dec. 2010). Sounding natural: Improving oral presentation skills. Language Value, 2(1), 51-67.

Celce-Murcia, M., Brinton, D. M., & Goodwin, J. M. (2010). Teaching pronunciation: A course book and reference guide (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.

Cohen, A., & Nooteboom, S. (eds.) (1975). Structure and process in speech perception. Springer-Verlag. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-81000-8

Crystal, D. (1986). Prosodic development. In P. Fletcher, & M. Garman (eds.), Language Acquisition (33–48). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511620683.011

Fujisaki, H., Wang, C., Ohno, S., & Gu, W. (2005). Analysis and synthesis of fundamental frequency contours of standard Chinese using the command-response model. Speech Communication, 47, 59–70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2005.06.009

Gao, P., Jiang, Z., Yang, Y., Zheng, Y., Feng, G., & Li, X. (2024). Temporal neural dynamics of understanding communicative intentions from speech prosody. NeuroImage, 299(120830). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120830 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120830

Gerken, L., & McGregor, K. (1998). An overview of prosody and its role in normal and disordered child language. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 7(2), 38- 48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1044/1058-0360.0702.38

Gibbon, D. (n.d.). Prosody: Rhythms and melodies of speech. Bielefeld University, Germany, 1-35, Accessed online 21 May, 2022.

Goupil, L., Ponsot, E., Richardson, D., Reyes, G., & Aucouturier, J.-J. (2021). Listeners’ perceptions of the certainty and honesty of a speaker are associated with a common prosodic signature. Nature Communications, 12(861). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20649-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20649-4

Hargrove, P. (1997). Prosodic aspects of language impairment in children. Topics in Language Disorders, 17(4), 76–83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00011363-199708000-00009

Haviland, S., & Clark, H. (1974). What’s new: Acquiring new information as a process in comprehension. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 8, 166–169. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5371(74)80003-4

Hirst, D. (1992). Prediction of prosody: An overview. In G. Bailly, C. Benoit, & T. R. Sawallis (eds.), Talking machines: Theories, models and designs. Elsevier Science Publishers.

Huggins A. W. F. (1978). Speech timing and intelligibility. In J. Requin (ed.), Attention and performance VII. Erlbaum.

Huggins, A. W. F. (1972). On the perception of temporal phenomena in speech. J. Acoust. Soc. Am., vol.51, 1279–1290. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1912972

Kent, R., & Read, C. (1992). The acoustic analysis of speech. Singular Publishing Group.

Klatt, D. H., & Cooper, W. E. (1975). Perception of segment duration in sentence contexts. In A. Cohen, & S. G. Nooteboom (eds.), Structure and process in speech perception. Springer-Verlag. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-81000-8_5

Kuremastsu, M. et al. (2008). An extraction of emotion in human speech using speech synthesize and classifiers foe each emotion. International Journal of Circuits Systems and Signal Processing.

Levorato, M. C., & Cacciari, C. (2002). The creation of new figurative expressions: Psycholinguistic evidence in Italian children, adolescents and adults. Journal of Child Language, 29, 127–150. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0305000901004950

Liu, C. (2017). The effect of raising awareness to prosodic features in speecl1 through noticing techniques and visual feedback: A practitioner’s approach. ProQuest LLC.

Liu, C. R., & Betten, R. D. (2020). Developing English prosody using technology and pronunciation reformulation techniques. The CATESOL Journal, 32.1, 2020-2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5070/B5.35924

Lucarini, V., Grice, M., Cangemi, F., Zimmermann, J. T., Marchesi, C., Vogeley, K., & Tonna, M. (2020). Speech prosody as a bridge between psychopathology and linguistics: The case of the schizophrenia spectrum. Front. Psychiatry, 11, 531-863. Doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.531863 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.531863

Lundgren, K., Brownel, H., Soma, R., & Cayer-Meade, C. (2006). A metaphor comprehension intervention for patients with right hemisphere brain damage: A pilot study. Brain and Language, 99, 60–70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bandl.2006.06.044

Madella, P. (2023) Relevance and multimodal prosody: implications for L2 teaching and learning. Front. Commun., 8(1181805). doi: 10.3389/fcomm.2023.1181805 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2023.1181805

Maltese, A., Scifoa, L. Fratantonio, A., & Pepia, A. (2012). Linguistic prosody and comprehension of idioms and proverbs in subjects of school age. Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 69, 2027–2035. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.12.161

Mauchand, M., Caballero, J. A., Jiang, X., & Pell, M. D. (2021). Immediate online use of prosody reveals the ironic intentions of a speaker: Neurophysiological evidence. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 21, 74-92. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13415-020-00849-7 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3758/s13415-020-00849-7

Mbah, B. M., & Mbah, E. E. (2000). Topics in phonetics and phonology: Contribution from Igbo. AP Publishers.

McCann, J., & Peppe, S. (2003). Prosody in autism spectrum disorders: A critical review. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 38, 25–350. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1368282031000154204

Merewether, R., & Alpert, M. (1990). The components and neuroanatomic bases of prosody. Journal of Communication Disorders, 23, 325–336. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9924(90)90007-L

Osuchukwu, C. N. (2010). X-raying the suprasegmental problems of a second language learner for consolidating emerging democracy in Africa. International Bi-Lingual Journal of Anti-Corruption, Law, Humanities, Social Science and Development Studies, 1(2), 225-229.

Panagos, J., & Prelock, P. (1997). Prosodic analysis of child speech. Topics in Language Disorders, 17(4), 1–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00011363-199708000-00003

Pattnaik, P., & Dash, S. (2012). A study on prosody analysis. International Journal of Computational Engineering Research (ijceronline.com), 2(5). DOI: https://doi.org/10.9790/0661-0541015

Paul, R., Augustyn, A., Klin, A., & Volkmar, F. R. (2005, April). Perception and production of prosody by speakers with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism andDevelopmental Disorders, 35(2). DOI: 10.1007/s10803-004-1999-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-004-1999-1

Pessoa, A. N., & Pereira, L. K. (2015). Assessment of speech production in speech therapy data. A. R. Meireles (ed.), In Courses on speech prosody (1-10). Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

Rathina, X. A., & Mehata, K. M. (2012, August). Basic analysis on prosodic features in emotional speech. International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Applications IJCSEA), 2(4), 99-107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5121/ijcsea.2012.2410

Robert, O. S. (2008). Aspects of phonological processes in Bekwarra language. Unpublished BA project, Department of Languages and Linguistics, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki.

Rosenberg, A. (2018). Speech, prosody, and machines: Nine challenges for prosody research. IBM Research, 159, 786-793. Doi: 10.21437/SpeechProsody. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21437/SpeechProsody.2018-159

Sandler, W., Aronoff, M., Meir, I., & Padden, C. (2011). The gradual emergence of phonological form in a new language. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 29, 503-543. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11049-011-9128-2

Tomasello, R., Grisoni, L., Boux, I., Sammler, D., & Pulvermüller, F. (2022). Instantaneous neural processing of communicative functions conveyed by speech prosody. Cerebral Cortex, 32, 4885-490. https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab522 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhab522

Trott, S., Reed, S., Kaliblotzky, D., Ferreira, V., & Bergen, B. (2023). The role of prosody in disambiguating English indirect requests. Language and Speech, 66(1), 118-142. DOI: 10.1177/00238309221087715 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/00238309221087715

Tsurutan, C. (n.d.). Tone of voice or what was said? The impression non-native speakers of English make on Australian English native listeners. Griffith University.

Ubah, C. N., Ochienta, E. M., & Nwonu, J. (2012). Practical approach to research execution in behavioural sciences: A step-by-step analysis. Last Touch Press.

van Lancker, D., Canter, G., & Terbeek, D. (1981). Disambiguation of ditropic sentences: Acoustic and phonetic cues. Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 24, 330–335. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2403.330

Wang, D., Liu, S., Sun, L., Wu, X., Liu, X., & Meng, H. (2021, June). Learning explicit prosody models and deep speaker embeddings for a typical voice conversion. arXiv:2011.01678v2 [eess.AS] 17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21437/Interspeech.2021-285

Warren, P. (1996). Parsing and prosody: An introduction. In P. Warren (ed.), Prosody and parsing (1-16). Psychology Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/016909696387204

Winner, E. (1988). The point of words: Children’s understanding of metaphor and irony. Harvard University Press.