Variability of Agro Morphological Traits in Vignea subterranean Seedling Stage through Induced Mutation using Colchicine
Main Article Content
Abstract
Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea) a drought-tolerant legume with significant nutritional value, remains underutilized in genetic improvement programs. This study evaluated the mutagenic effects of colchicine on two Bambara groundnut landraces (MOK-01 and PTG-01) to enhance agronomic traits. Seeds were treated with colchicine at 0.025%, 0.05%, and 0.075% concentrations for 24 hours, while control seeds were soaked in distilled water. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was employed, with seeds sown in sandy loam soil and evaluated four weeks after planting. Germination rates, seedling height, root length, lateral root formation, and leaf production were recorded. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan's Multiple Range Test at P ≤ 0.05. The results showed a reduction in germination rates with increasing colchicine concentrations. MOK-01 exhibited enhanced lateral root formation and stable seedling height at higher concentrations, while PTG-01 demonstrated improved root length and leaf production at moderate colchicine levels. Colchicine at 0.05% produced the most consistent improvements across traits. This study highlights colchicine’s potential for genetic enhancement of Bambara groundnut. It is recommended that future studies focus on large-scale field trials and assess the long-term genetic stability of colchicine-induced traits to optimize its application in crop improvement programs.
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2024 Jiya Mohammed, Francis Aduragbemi, Oluwadare, Yusuf Yusuf Abdulmalik, Khadijat Khubra Abdullahi (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Jiya Mohammed, Department of Biological Sciences, Ahman Pategi University, Patigi, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Department of Biological Sciences,
Ahman Pategi University, Patigi, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Francis Aduragbemi, Oluwadare, Department of Biological Sciences, Ahman Pategi University, Patigi, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Assistant Lecturer,
Department of Biological Sciences, Ahman Pategi University, Patigi, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Yusuf Abdulmalik, Department of Biological Sciences, Ahman Pategi University, Patigi, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Department of Biological Sciences,
Ahman Pategi University, Patigi, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Khadijat Khubra Abdullahi, Department of Plant Biology, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
Department of Plant Biology,
Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria.
Anbarasan, K., & Rajendran, R. (2013). Studies on the mutagenic effect of EMS on seed germination and seedling characters of sesame (Sesamum indicum (L.) var. TMV3). International Journal of Research in Biological Sciences, 3, 27-29.
Aisyah, S. I., Meiningrum, N. I., Yudha, Y. S., & Nurcholis, W. (2024). Variability of agromorphological traits in Portulaca grandiflora through induced mutation using colchicine. Biodiversitas, 25, 2484-2493.
https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d250617 DOI: https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d250617
Azman, H. R., Barkla, B. J., Mayes, S., & King, G. J. (2019). The potential of the underutilized pulse Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) for nutritional food security. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 77, 47-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2018.12.008
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2018.12.008 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2018.12.008
Chimdi, G. O. I., Uguru, P., & Onwubiko, E. O. C. (2022). Influence of colchicine-induced mutation on aspects of growth and yield traits of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.). International Journal of Current Science, 2, 34-45.
Cullis, C., & Kunert, K. J. (2017). Unlocking the potential of orphan legumes. Journal of Experimental Botany, 68, 1895-1903. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erx098 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erw437
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erx098 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erx098
Dwivedi, S. L., Ceccarelli, S., Blair, M. W., Upadhyaya, H. D., Are, A. K., & Ortiz, R. (2016). Landrace germplasm for improving yield and abiotic stress adaptation. Trends in Plant Science, 21, 31-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2015.10.012
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2015.10.012 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2015.10.012
Eng, W. H., Ho, W. S., & Ling, K. H. (2021). Effects of colchicine treatment on morphological variations of Neolamarckia cadamba. International Journal of Agricultural Technology, 17(1), 47-66.
Hillocks, R. J., Bennett, C., & Mponda, O. M. (2012). Bambara nut: A review of utilization, market potential, and crop improvement. African Crop Science Journal, 20(1), 1-16. Retrieved from https://www.ajol.info/index.php/acsj/article/view/78601
IPGRI, & BAMNET. (2000). Descriptors for Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea). International Plant Genetic Resources Institute.
Karikari, S. K. (2000). Variability between local and exotic Bambara groundnut landraces in Botswana. African Crop Science Journal, 8(2), 145-152. https://doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v8i2.27704
https://doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v8i2.27704 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/acsj.v8i2.27704
Khan, M. M. H., Rai, M. Y., Ramlee, S. I., Jusoh, M., & Almamun, M. (2021). Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.): A crop for the new millennium, its genetic diversity, and improvements to mitigate future food and nutritional challenges. Sustainability, 13(80), 1-19.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105530 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13105530
Lacroix, B., Assoumou, N. Y., & Sangwan, R. S. (2003). Efficient in vitro direct shoot regeneration systems in Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc.). Plant Cell Reports, 21, 1153-1158.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-003-0647-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-003-0647-0
Mabhaudhi, T., Chibarabada, T. P., Chimonyo, V. G. P., & Modi, A. T. (2018). Modelling climate change impact: A case of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea). Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 105, 25-31.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2018.01.003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2018.01.003
Mangena, P. (2020). Germination and morpho-physiological analysis of seedlings pre-treated with different concentrations of colchicine in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Journal of Biotech Research, 11, 1-15.
Massawe, F. J., Mwale, S. S., & Roberts, J. A. (2005). Breeding in Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.): Strategic considerations. African Journal of Biotechnology, 4, 463-471.
Muhammad, I., Rafii, M. Y., Ramlee, S. I., Nazli, M. H., Harun, A. R., Oladosu, Y., & Arolu, I. W. (2020). Exploration of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.), an underutilized crop, to aid global food security: Varietal improvement, genetic diversity, and processing. Agronomy, 10(6), 766.
https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060766 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10060766
Ntundu, W. H., Shillah, S. A., Marandu, W. Y. F., & Christiansen, J. L. (2006). Morphological diversity of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) landraces in Tanzania. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 53, 367-378. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-004-0580-2
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-004-0580-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-004-0580-2
Olawuyi, O. J., Naworu, J. E., & Feyisola, R. T. (2021). Effect of sodium azide on Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) as revealed by SDS-PAGE. Scientia Africana, 20(1), 183-194.
https://doi.org/10.4314/sa.v20i1.16 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/sa.v20i1.16
Olukolu, B. A., Mayes, S., Stadler, F., Ng, N. Q., Fawole, I., Dominique, D., Azam-Ali, S. N., Abbott, A. G., & Kole, C. (2012). Genetic diversity in Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) as revealed by phenotypic descriptors and DArT marker analysis. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 59, 347-358.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-011-9686-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-011-9686-5
Tammu, R. M., Nuringtyas, I., & Daryono, B. S. (2021). Colchicine effects on the ploidy level and morphological characters of Katokkon pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) from North Toraja, Indonesia. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 19(31), 1-8.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-021-00131-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s43141-021-00131-4
Tan, X. L., Azam-Ali, S., Goh, E. V., Mustafa, M., Chai, H. H., Ho, W. K., & Massawe, F. (2020). Bambara groundnut: An underutilized leguminous crop for global food security and nutrition. Frontiers in Nutrition, 7, 601496.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2020.601496 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2020.601496
Udofia, E. G., Falusi, O. A., Abubakar, A., Daudu, O. A. Y., Ajenifujah-Solebo, S. O. A., & Titus, S. D. (2023). Mutagenic effects of colchicine on the morphology and yield of three tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) accessions. Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences, 20(2), 119-132.
https://doi.org/10.4314/jafs.v20i2.8 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4314/jafs.v20i2.8