Influence of Socioeconomic Factors on Wage Remuneration in Liberia Women Football
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Abstract
Women’s football has often experienced low wage remuneration compared to men’s, and research has primarily associated this disparity with gender inequality, however, this study explored other equally significant factors that contribute to low wage remuneration in women’s football. The study examined how economic and sociodemographic factors impact wages in women's football in Liberia. It explored and evaluated the influence of sociodemographic factors (family, media, years of experience, level of play) on the wage remuneration of female footballers in Liberia and how economic factors (income, employment) have influenced wage remuneration in women’s football in Liberia. The descriptive study design was employed for this research. Participants were given questionnaires to fill across various sociodemographic, and economic profiles to obtain information on women footballers in Liberia. The inferential statistical tools, Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation (PPMC), and Multiple regression techniques were used in analyzing the data to identify the relationships between sociodemographic and economic variables on wage remuneration. In this sample of 550 participants (100%female, predominant age range – 20-24 years), social factors such as media and family structure (β = -0.084, t = -2.043, P= 0.042), and sociodemographic factors such as years of experience and level of play (β = - 0.168, t = -4.117, P= 0.000) had significant influence on women's football wages in Liberia. However, Economic factors such as income, and employment (β = -0.008, t = -0.183, P= 0.855) did not contribute significantly to wage remuneration in women’s football in Liberia. Sociodemographic factors were significant determinants of wage remuneration in women's football in Liberia. Specifically, sociodemographic variables, such as media, family, years of experience, and level of play, were major determinants of remuneration and wage levels in women's football in Liberia.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Massa Paasewe Johnson, Prof. Omo Aregbeyen, Dr. Emmanuel, Babatunde Durowaiye (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Massa Paasewe Johnson, Pan African University, Life and Earth Science Institute (including Agriculture and Health).
Massa Paasewe Johnson is a student at the Pan African University, Life and Earth Science Institute (including Agriculture and Health) reading Sports Management and Policy Development.
Prof. Omo Aregbeyen, Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Prof. Omo Aregbeyen
Department of Economics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria.
Email Address: omoarebeyen@gmail.com
Tel: +234803077150
Biographical notes:
He is the Chairman of the Faculty of Economics at the University of Ibadan and has contributed to knowledge through several publications.
Dr. Emmanuel, Babatunde Durowaiye, Department of Sociology, Federal University Wukari, Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria.
DUROWAIYE BABATUNDE EMMANUEL
Department of Sociology, Federal University Wukari, Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria.
Email Address: durowaiyebe@gmail.com
Tel: +2348123488699
Biographical notes:
He is an Associate Professor of Sociology, and the Deputy Dean of the Faculty of Social Sciences in Federal University Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria. His areas of Sociological interest include Development, Social Exclusion and Education. He has contributed to knowledge through several publications.
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