Evaluating the Influence of Political Branding During the 2021 Zambia General Elections
A Case of University of Zambia Students
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Abstract
The rise of competitive multiparty politics in Zambia, particularly after the return to democracy in the 1990s, has made strategic political branding essential for parties to distinguish themselves and appeal to voters. This study evaluates the influence of political branding during the 2021 Zambia General Elections, focusing on student voters at the University of Zambia. A simple random sample of 100 respondents was surveyed using self-administered questionnaires. Data were analysed descriptively using SPSS and Microsoft Excel. The findings reveal that political branding significantly impacted the 2021 elections, with 55% of respondents paying considerable attention to branding during campaigns. A majority (85.1%) agreed that branding influences electoral success. Campaign slogans (67.5%) and logos (47.5%) were identified as the most influential branding elements, while social media presence (25%) had a lesser impact. Additionally, respondents considered a candidate’s policies (42.5%), character (53.8%), political affiliation (40%), and past performance (38.8%) as key factors in their voting decisions. The branding environment in the 2021 elections was generally perceived positively by 62.5% of respondents, though 7.5% had a negative perception. Trust in campaign branding information was mixed: 46.3% trusted it to some extent, while 10% expressed complete distrust. Traditional media was deemed reliable by 73.8% of respondents, whereas only 38.8% trusted social media. Other influential sources of information included debates and public forums (33.8%) and personal interactions with candidates (32.5%). The study concludes that political parties must develop robust branding strategies with clear messaging, effective use of both traditional and digital media, and efforts to build credibility to enhance voter trust and engagement. The study's implications highlight the importance for political parties, policymakers, and media organizations to adopt clear messaging and credibility-building measures to improve voter trust, promote transparency, and ensure electoral integrity.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Chileshe Kafeshi, Basil Hamusokwe (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
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