Evaluating the Influence of Technology Integration on Teaching and Learning of Social Studies in Senior High Schools in Northern Ghana
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Abstract
On a global scale, it is essential to incorporate technology into various aspects of growth. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate the benefits of integrating technology into training, as well as to determine factors that affect technology integration in the teaching and learning of Social Studies in Senior High Schools in Northern Ghana. The mixed-methods study examined implementation problems, learning outcomes, and success factors using data from questionnaires (completed by 1,200 students and 180 instructors), semi-structured interviews, and classroom observations in 15 Senior High Schools. To allow for repeated observations and account for seasonal fluctuations, the data were collected over nine months (July 2024 to March 2025). Schools were purposefully sampled to ensure that the sample was representative of the districts and school types (urban vs. rural, large vs. small enrollment). Students were recruited through stratified random sampling from within each school, with grade level and gender proportionally represented. According to the findings, students who attend classes with more technology exhibit notable gains in critical thinking, digital literacy, and engagement. However, several significant challenges remain, including brittle infrastructure, inadequate internet access, and insufficient teacher preparation. Higher rates of implementation were seen in schools with strong principal support. These findings suggest that while technology integration may foster the development of 21st-century skills, its implementation depends on governmental interventions that address professional development, infrastructure, and resource allocation in underprivileged areas. To ensure that cultural concerns are taken into consideration and local support is established, the research recommends that parents and community members be included in the planning process for technological integration.
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