Assessment of the Rate and Pattern of Household Cooking Energy Consumption in Yobe State, Nigeria
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Abstract
This study assesses the rate and pattern of household cooking energy consumption in Yobe State, Nigeria, focusing on fuel types, usage intensity, and associated socioeconomic characteristics. A descriptive survey design was employed, with primary data collected from 346 household heads using structured questionnaires across selected settlements in three agro-ecological zones. Data were analysed using frequency distributions and percentages. The results reveal a strong reliance on biomass fuels, with 79.5% of households using fuelwood and 11.9% using charcoal, whilst adoption of cleaner energy sources such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and kerosene remains low. Fuel stacking is common, with households combining multiple energy sources based on cost and availability. Approximately 71% of households use fuelwood three times daily, with an estimated annual consumption of 648 kg per annum per head, amounting to over 2.26 million tons statewide. The study concludes that household energy use in Yobe State is largely unsustainable, driven by poverty, infrastructure deficits, and limited access to modern energy alternatives, with significant environmental implications. It recommends policies promoting affordable clean energy, improved rural energy infrastructure, and awareness of alternative cooking fuels.
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